Else If Statement in PHP

In this tutorial, we will learn about else-if statements in PHP. We will cover the basics of conditional execution using if-else-if statements.

What is an Else-If statement

An else-if statement is a conditional statement that allows multiple conditions to be tested sequentially. It provides a way to execute different code blocks based on different conditions.

Syntax

The syntax for the else-if statement in PHP is:

if (condition1) {
    // Code block to execute if condition1 is true
} elseif (condition2) {
    // Code block to execute if condition2 is true
} else {
    // Code block to execute if none of the conditions are true
}

The else-if statement evaluates the specified conditions in order. The first condition that is true will have its code block executed; if none of the conditions are true, the code block inside the else statement is executed.

Flowchart of Else-If Statement

Example 1: Checking if a Number is Positive, Negative, or Zero

  1. Declare an integer variable $num.
  2. Assign a value to $num.
  3. Use an if-else-if statement to check if $num is positive, negative, or zero.
  4. Print a message indicating whether $num is positive, negative, or zero.

PHP Program

<?php
$num = -5;
if ($num > 0) {
    echo "$num is positive.";
} elseif ($num < 0) {
    echo "$num is negative.";
} else {
    echo "$num is zero.";
}
?>

Output

-5 is negative.

Example 2: Checking the Grade of a Student

  1. Declare an integer variable $marks.
  2. Assign a value to $marks.
  3. Use an if-else-if statement to check the grade based on the $marks.
  4. Print a message indicating the grade.

PHP Program

<?php
$marks = 85;
if ($marks >= 90) {
    echo "Grade: A";
} elseif ($marks >= 80) {
    echo "Grade: B";
} elseif ($marks >= 70) {
    echo "Grade: C";
} elseif ($marks >= 60) {
    echo "Grade: D";
} else {
    echo "Grade: F";
}
?>

Output

Grade: B

Example 3: Checking the Temperature Range

  1. Declare a float variable $temperature.
  2. Assign a value to $temperature.
  3. Use an if-else-if statement to check the range of the $temperature.
  4. Print a message indicating the temperature range.

PHP Program

<?php
$temperature = 75.5;
if ($temperature > 100) {
    echo "It's extremely hot.";
} elseif ($temperature > 85) {
    echo "It's hot.";
} elseif ($temperature > 60) {
    echo "It's warm.";
} elseif ($temperature > 32) {
    echo "It's cold.";
} else {
    echo "It's freezing.";
}
?>

Output

It's warm.