Else If Statement in Java

In this tutorial, we will learn about else-if statements in Java. We will cover the basics of conditional execution using if-else-if statements.

What is an Else-If statement

An else-if statement is a conditional statement that allows multiple conditions to be tested sequentially. It provides a way to execute different code blocks based on different conditions.

Syntax

The syntax for the else-if statement in Java is:

if (condition1) {
    // Code block to execute if condition1 is true
} else if (condition2) {
    // Code block to execute if condition2 is true
} else {
    // Code block to execute if none of the conditions are true
}

The else-if statement evaluates the specified conditions in order. The first condition that is true will have its code block executed; if none of the conditions are true, the code block inside the else statement is executed.

Flowchart of Else-If Statement

Example 1: Checking if a Number is Positive, Negative, or Zero

  1. Declare an integer variable num.
  2. Assign a value to num.
  3. Use an if-else-if statement to check if num is positive, negative, or zero.
  4. Print a message indicating whether num is positive, negative, or zero.

Java Program

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int num = -5;
        if (num > 0) {
            System.out.println(num + " is positive.");
        } else if (num < 0) {
            System.out.println(num + " is negative.");
        } else {
            System.out.println(num + " is zero.");
        }
    }
}

Output

-5 is negative.

Example 2: Checking the Grade of a Student

  1. Declare an integer variable marks.
  2. Assign a value to marks.
  3. Use an if-else-if statement to check the grade based on the marks.
  4. Print a message indicating the grade.

Java Program

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int marks = 85;
        if (marks >= 90) {
            System.out.println("Grade: A");
        } else if (marks >= 80) {
            System.out.println("Grade: B");
        } else if (marks >= 70) {
            System.out.println("Grade: C");
        } else if (marks >= 60) {
            System.out.println("Grade: D");
        } else {
            System.out.println("Grade: F");
        }
    }
}

Output

Grade: B

Example 3: Checking the Temperature Range

  1. Declare a float variable temperature.
  2. Assign a value to temperature.
  3. Use an if-else-if statement to check the range of the temperature.
  4. Print a message indicating the temperature range.

Java Program

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        float temperature = 75.5f;
        if (temperature > 100) {
            System.out.println("It's extremely hot.");
        } else if (temperature > 85) {
            System.out.println("It's hot.");
        } else if (temperature > 60) {
            System.out.println("It's warm.");
        } else if (temperature > 32) {
            System.out.println("It's cold.");
        } else {
            System.out.println("It's freezing.");
        }
    }
}

Output

It's warm.