Else If Statement in Perl

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In this tutorial, we will learn about else-if statements in Perl. We will cover the basics of conditional execution using if-else-if statements.

What is an Else-If statement

An else-if statement is a conditional statement that allows multiple conditions to be tested sequentially. It provides a way to execute different code blocks based on different conditions.

Syntax

The syntax for the else-if statement in Perl is:

if (condition1) {
    # Code block to execute if condition1 is true
} elsif (condition2) {
    # Code block to execute if condition2 is true
} else {
    # Code block to execute if none of the conditions are true
}

The else-if statement evaluates the specified conditions in order. The first condition that is true will have its code block executed; if none of the conditions are true, the code block inside the else statement is executed.

Example 1: Checking if a Number is Positive, Negative, or Zero

Declare a variable num.
Assign a value to num.
Use an if-else-if statement to check if num is positive, negative, or zero.
Print a message indicating whether num is positive, negative, or zero.

Perl Program

my $num = -5;
if ($num > 0) {
    print "$num is positive.\n";
} elsif ($num < 0) {
    print "$num is negative.\n";
} else {
    print "$num is zero.\n";
}

Output

-5 is negative.

Example 2: Checking the Grade of a Student

Declare a variable marks.
Assign a value to marks.
Use an if-else-if statement to check the grade based on the marks.
Print a message indicating the grade.

Perl Program

my $marks = 85;
if ($marks >= 90) {
    print "Grade: A\n";
} elsif ($marks >= 80) {
    print "Grade: B\n";
} elsif ($marks >= 70) {
    print "Grade: C\n";
} elsif ($marks >= 60) {
    print "Grade: D\n";
} else {
    print "Grade: F\n";
}

Output

Grade: B

Example 3: Checking the Temperature Range

Declare a variable temperature.
Assign a value to temperature.
Use an if-else-if statement to check the range of the temperature.
Print a message indicating the temperature range.

Perl Program

my $temperature = 75.5;
if ($temperature > 100) {
    print "It's extremely hot.\n";
} elsif ($temperature > 85) {
    print "It's hot.\n";
} elsif ($temperature > 60) {
    print "It's warm.\n";
} elsif ($temperature > 32) {
    print "It's cold.\n";
} else {
    print "It's freezing.\n";
}

Output

It's warm.

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