MySQL Less Than or Equal To Operator

MySQL Less Than or Equal To Operator

The MySQL <= operator is used to compare two values. This operator is essential for filtering records where one value is less than or equal to another.

Syntax

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name
WHERE column1 <= value;

The <= operator has the following components:

  • column1, column2, ...: The columns to be retrieved.
  • table_name: The name of the table from which to retrieve the data.
  • column1 <= value: The condition to filter the records, where column1 is less than or equal to a specified value.

Example MySQL Less Than or Equal To Operator

Let's look at some examples of the MySQL <= operator:

Step 1: Using the Database

USE mydatabase;

This query sets the context to the database named mydatabase.

MySQL USE DATABASE

Step 2: Creating a Table

Create a table to work with:

CREATE TABLE employees (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    last_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    department VARCHAR(50),
    salary DECIMAL(10, 2)
);

This query creates a table named employees with columns for id, first_name, last_name, department, and salary.

MySQL CREATE TABLE

Step 3: Inserting Initial Rows

Insert some initial rows into the table:

INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, department, salary)
VALUES ('John', 'Doe', 'HR', 50000.00),
       ('Jane', 'Smith', 'IT', 60000.00),
       ('Jim', 'Brown', 'IT', 55000.00),
       ('Jake', 'White', 'HR', 52000.00),
       ('Jill', 'Green', 'Marketing', 45000.00);

This query inserts five rows into the employees table.

MySQL INSERT INTO TABLE

Step 4: Using Less Than or Equal To Operator with WHERE Clause

Use the <= operator to filter records based on a condition:

SELECT * 
FROM employees 
WHERE salary <= 50000;

This query retrieves all columns from the employees table where the salary is less than or equal to 50000.

MySQL LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO WITH WHERE CLAUSE

Step 5: Combining Less Than or Equal To with AND Operator

Use the <= operator with the AND operator to filter records based on multiple conditions:

SELECT * 
FROM employees 
WHERE department = 'Marketing' AND salary <= 45000;

This query retrieves all columns from the employees table where the department is 'Marketing' and the salary is less than or equal to 45000.

MySQL LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO COMBINING WITH AND

Step 6: Using Less Than or Equal To with Multiple Columns

Use the <= operator with multiple columns:

SELECT first_name, last_name 
FROM employees 
WHERE department = 'IT' AND salary <= 55000;

This query retrieves the first_name and last_name columns from the employees table where the department is 'IT' and the salary is less than or equal to 55000.

MySQL LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO WITH MULTIPLE COLUMNS

Conclusion

The MySQL <= operator is a powerful tool for filtering records based on a comparison condition. Understanding how to use the <= operator is essential for effective data querying and analysis in MySQL.